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Pathological demand avoidance (PDA) or extreme demand avoidance (EDA) is a proposed disorder, and proposed sub-type of autism spectrum disorder, defined by characteristics such as a demand avoidance—which is a greater-than-typical refusal to comply with requests or expectations—and extreme efforts to avoid social demands.
Four Years Old in An Urban Community (1968) Seven Years Old in the Home Environment (1976) and; Perspectives On School at Seven Years Old (1977) Pathological demand avoidance syndrome: a necessary distinction within the pervasive developmental disorders (2003) lead author [7] Childhood into Adolescence: Growing up in the 1970s (2018)
The Original Poster (OP) explained that her son is autistic with a PDA (pathological demand avoidance) profile, and as any parent of a child with autism knows, managing their needs can be ...
ODD gradually develops and becomes apparent in preschool years, often before the age of eight years old. [2] [14] [15] However, it is very unlikely to emerge following early adolescence. [16] There is a difference in prevalence between boys and girls, with a ratio of 1.4 to 1 before adolescence. [2] Other research suggests a 2:1 ratio. [17]
The age of diagnosis can range from 9 months to 14 years, and the mean age is 4 years old in the USA. [11] On average each case of ASD is tested at three different diagnostic centers before confirmed. Early diagnosis of the disorder can diminish familial stress, speed up referral to special educational programs and influence family planning. [12]
6.5 Pathological demand avoidance. 6.6 New diagnostic tools. ... It reviewed 30 years of research into early infantile autism and childhood schizophrenia. In it he ...
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Rimland was an early supporter of facilitated communication (FC) (now discredited), [37] though he disputed founder Douglas Biklen's claims that autism was "fundamentally a motor problem". At first, Rimland claimed the technique was effective for "a small number of people", [ 38 ] but far fewer than the 100% success rate claimed by some ...