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Pathological demand avoidance (PDA) or extreme demand avoidance (EDA) is a proposed disorder, and proposed sub-type of autism spectrum disorder, defined by characteristics such as a demand avoidance—which is a greater-than-typical refusal to comply with requests or expectations—and extreme efforts to avoid social demands.
Pathological demand avoidance is a proposed disorder characterised by avoidance of every day demands. It was proposed by British psychologist Elizabeth Newsom in 1983 for children who did not then meet the criteria for autism and which she felt shared certain other characteristics, such as an interest in pretend play.
In 1980 she proposed the term pathological demand avoidance [7] to describe people who do not want to co-operate with instructions even when this would be in their own interest. She had identified a group of children who had this characteristic and they would "avoid everyday demands and expectations to an extreme extent".
Pathological demand avoidance can occur. People with this set of autistic symptoms are more likely to refuse to do what is asked or expected of them, even to activities they enjoy. Unusual or atypical eating behavior occurs in about three-quarters of children with ASD, to the extent that it was formerly a diagnostic indicator. [139]
Pathological demand avoidance, in psychology; Patent ductus arteriosus, a heart defect; Posterior descending artery, an artery; Potato dextrose agar, a microbiological media for culturing yeast and fungus
Matthew Taylor, chief executive of the NHS Confederation, said that the health service is in a 'terrible situation'. NHS ‘has never seen this level of demand’ – expert Skip to main content
The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]
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