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There is an increased susceptibility amongst older (60+) patients to herniations higher in the neck, especially at C3–4. [23] Symptoms of cervical herniations may be felt in the back of the skull, the neck, shoulder girdle, scapula, arm, and hand. [24] The nerves of the cervical plexus and brachial plexus can be affected. [25]
The supraclavicular nerve is a cutaneous (sensory) nerve of the cervical plexus that arises from the third and fourth cervical (spinal) nerves.It emerges from beneath the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, then split into multiple branches.
There are 8 cervical spinal nerves of the peripheral nervous system. Cervical spinal nerves C1, C2 and C3 help control the movements of the head and neck. Cervical spinal nerve C4 helps control upward shoulder movements. Cervical spinal nerve C3, C4 and C5 help power the diaphragm and aid in breathing.
Additional symptoms of cervical injuries include low heart rate, low blood pressure, problems regulating body temperature, and breathing dysfunction. [46] If the injury is high enough in the neck to impair the muscles involved in breathing, the person may not be able to breathe without the help of an endotracheal tube and mechanical ventilator.
In older patients, CCS most often occurs after acute hyperextension injury in an individual with long-standing cervical spondylosis.A slow, chronic cause in this age group is when the cord gets caught and squeezed between a posterior intervertebral disc herniation against the anterior cord and/or with posterior pressure on the cord from hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (Lhermitte's sign ...
These findings emphasize the importance of using precise terms in describing the imaging abnormalities and evaluating them strictly in the context of the patient's symptoms. [1] A disc protrusion may progress to a spinal disc herniation, a condition in which there is a tear in the anulus fibrosus. [2]
Cervical spinal nerve 4, also called C4, is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal cord above the 4th cervical vertebra (C4). It contributes nerve fibers to the phrenic nerve , the motor nerve to the thoracoabdominal diaphragm .
This is because the supraclavicular nerves have the same cervical nerves origin as the phrenic nerve, C3, C4, and C5. [ citation needed ] The discovery of this is often attributed to a German gall bladder surgeon named Hans Kehr , but extensive studies into research he conducted during his life shows inconclusive evidence as to whether he ...