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Signs of hyperestrogenism may include heightened levels of one or more of the estrogen sex hormones (usually estradiol and/or estrone), lowered levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and/or luteinizing hormone (due to suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis by estrogen), and lowered levels of androgens such as testosterone (generally only relevant to males). [1]
The American Board of Cosmetic Surgery reports surgery is the "most effective known treatment for gynecomastia." [ 64 ] Surgical treatment should be considered if the gynecomastia persists for more than 12 months, causes distress (ie physical discomfort or psychological distress), and is in the fibrotic stage. [ 65 ]
Estrogens may be used in treatment of infertility in women when there is a need to develop sperm-friendly cervical mucus or an appropriate uterine lining. [65] [66] It is also commonly used during in vitro fertilization (IVF). Estrogen helps maintain the endometrial lining of the uterus and help prepare for pregnancy.
Too much estrogen in a male body is not a good thing; it can cause erectile dysfunction, or low libido." Elevated levels can also strain the heart and cause other muscle and ligament damage.
Androgen therapy (and suppression of estrogen production) may cause vaginal atrophy and dryness, which may result in dyspareunia (painful vaginal intercourse). This can be alleviated with topical estrogen cream. Most transgender men report a significantly increased libido. Some report that this decreases somewhat after several years on ...
It can also happen because weight loss can sometimes lead to lower levels of a hormone called leptin (produced in your fat tissues) that stimulates estrogen levels that play a key role in ...
There is no single definition for the term bioidentical hormone replacement therapy; it is generally used to refer to 17β-estradiol, but other uses include plant-based or compounded estrogen products that blend estradiol with estriol and sometimes with estrone. [9]
Women also tend to lose bone more rapidly in the first four to eight years after menopause due to lower levels of estrogen, per ACOG. And, if too much estrogen is lost, there is a higher risk of ...