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  2. DESeq2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DESeq2

    DESeq2 employs statistical methods to normalize and analyze RNA-seq data, making it a valuable tool for researchers studying gene expression patterns and regulation. It is available through the Bioconductor repository. It was first presented in 2014. [1] As of September 2023, its use has been cited over 30,000 times. [2]

  3. Canonicalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonicalization

    In morphology and lexicography, a lemma is the canonical form of a set of words. In English, for example, run, runs, ran, and running are forms of the same lexeme, so we can select one of them; ex. run, to represent all the forms. Lexical databases such as Unitex use this kind of representation.

  4. Text normalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_normalization

    Text normalization is the process of transforming text into a single canonical form that it might not have had before. Normalizing text before storing or processing it allows for separation of concerns, since input is guaranteed to be consistent before operations are performed on it. Text normalization requires being aware of what type of text ...

  5. Feature scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_scaling

    Feature scaling is a method used to normalize the range of independent variables or features of data. In data processing , it is also known as data normalization and is generally performed during the data preprocessing step.

  6. Database normalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_normalization

    The data in the following example were intentionally designed to contradict most of the normal forms. In practice it is often possible to skip some of the normalization steps because the data is already normalized to some extent. Fixing a violation of one normal form also often fixes a violation of a higher normal form.

  7. Normal form (abstract rewriting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_form_(abstract...

    A rewriting system has the unique normal form property (UN) if for all normal forms a, b ∈ S, a can be reached from b by a series of rewrites and inverse rewrites only if a is equal to b. A rewriting system has the unique normal form property with respect to reduction (UN →) if for every term reducing to normal forms a and b, a is equal to ...

  8. Denormalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denormalization

    Denormalization is a strategy used on a previously-normalized database to increase performance. In computing, denormalization is the process of trying to improve the read performance of a database, at the expense of losing some write performance, by adding redundant copies of data or by grouping data.

  9. Second normal form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_normal_form

    Second normal form (2NF), in database normalization, is a normal form. A relation is in the second normal form if it fulfills the following two requirements: It is in first normal form. It does not have any non-prime attribute that is functionally dependent on any proper subset of any candidate key of the relation (i.e. it lacks partial ...