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Kopi luwak, also known as civet coffee, is a coffee that consists of partially digested coffee cherries, which have been eaten and defecated by the Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). The cherries are fermented as they pass through a civet's intestines , and after being defecated with other fecal matter, they are collected. [ 1 ]
Black Ivory Coffee is a brand of coffee produced by the Black Ivory Coffee Company Ltd in northern Thailand from Arabica coffee beans consumed by elephants and collected from their waste. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The taste of Black Ivory coffee is influenced by elephants' digestive enzymes , which break down the coffee's protein . [ 2 ]
In Indonesia, it is threatened by poaching and the illegal wildlife trade; buyers use it for the production of kopi luwak made from coffee beans digested and excreted by Asian palm civets. [11] They are housed in battery cage systems, which have been criticised on animal welfare grounds. [12] [13]
The civets digest the flesh of the coffee cherries but pass the beans inside, where stomach enzymes affect the beans. This adds to the coffee's prized aroma and flavor. [6] About 0.5 kg (1 lb) can cost up to $600 in some parts of the world and about $100 a cup in others. [8]
“The coffee bean itself has antioxidants in it, which help prevent free radical damage that could potentially lead to cancer,” explains Susan Oh, M.P.H., director of the nutrition research ...
A caged Asian palm civet used for kopi luwak (coffee) production. Wildlife farming refers to the raising of traditionally undomesticated animals in an agricultural setting to produce: living animals for canned hunting and to be kept as pets; commodities such as food and traditional medicine; and materials like leather, fur and fiber.
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