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The diminished seventh chord is a four-note chord (a seventh chord) composed of a root note, together with a minor third, a diminished fifth, and a diminished seventh above the root: (1, ♭ 3, ♭ 5, 7). For example, the diminished seventh chord built on B, commonly written as B o 7, has pitches B-D-F-A ♭:
A seventh chord is a triad with a seventh. The seventh is either a major seventh [M7] above the root, a minor seventh [m7] above the root (flatted 7th), or a diminished seventh [d7] above the root (double flatted 7th). Note that the diminished seventh note is enharmonically equivalent to the major sixth above the root of the chord.
Diminished major seventh chords are very dissonant, containing the dissonant intervals of the tritone and the major seventh.They are frequently encountered, especially in jazz, as a diminished seventh chord with an appoggiatura [citation needed], especially when the melody has the leading note of the given chord: the ability to resolve this dissonance smoothly to a diatonic triad with the same ...
A half-diminished seventh chord is a seventh chord built from the seventh degree of a major scale. It is considered "half-diminished" because a fully diminished seventh has a double-flatted (diminished) seventh, making it enharmonically the same as a major sixth. The half-diminished seventh chord uses a minor seventh over the root of a ...
The half-diminished seventh chord is frequently used in passages that convey heightened emotion. For example, the "mournful affect" [5] of the sombre opening Chorus of J. S. Bach's St Matthew Passion (1727) features the chord on the seventh beat of its first bar and on the first beat of its third bar:
The diminished seventh is used quite readily in the minor key, where it is present in the harmonic minor scale between the seventh scale step and the sixth scale step in the octave above. In 12-tone equal temperament , a diminished seventh is equal to nine semitones, a ratio of 2 9/12 :1 (approximately 1.6818), or 900 cents, and is ...
That is, any inversion of an augmented triad (or diminished seventh chord) is enharmonically equivalent to a new augmented triad (or diminished seventh chord) in root position. For example, the triad E ♭ –G–B in first inversion is G–B–E ♭, which is enharmonically equivalent to the augmented triad G–B–D ♯. One chord, with ...
The leading-tone diminished triad and supertonic diminished triad are usually found in first inversion (vii o 6 and ii o 6, respectively) since the spelling of the chord forms a diminished fifth with the bass. [6] This differs from the fully diminished seventh chord, which commonly occurs in root position. [8]