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Weak verbs are the most common type of verb in Dutch, and the only productive type (all newly created verbs are weak, except most new formations with a strong-verb stem). They form their past tense with an ending containing a dental consonant, -d- or -t- .
These verbs historically had present tense forms that resembled the past tenses of strong verbs, and can be recognised in modern Dutch by the absence of the -t in the third-person singular present (the English equivalents lack the -s in the same way). Preterite-present verbs have weak past tenses, but often irregularly formed.
The pronoun jij/je only calls for the verb to end in -t if it precedes the verb, and if the verb is in the present simple or present perfect indicative. Modal verbs and the future/conditional auxiliary zullen allow forms with and without -t (but the subject pronoun must still precede the verb for the -t form to appear). Jij gaat naar school.
Dutch is grammatically similar to German, such as in syntax and verb morphology (for verb morphology in English verbs, Dutch and German, see Germanic weak verb and Germanic strong verb). Grammatical cases have largely become limited to pronouns and many set phrases. Inflected forms of the articles are often grace surnames and toponyms.
Dutch writers face a problem in determining the correct verb endings. Should they write ‘d’, ‘dd’, ‘t’, ‘tt’ or ‘dt’? This cannot be made out by the sound of the spoken word; antwoord and antwoordt sound the same, and so do antwoorden and antwoordden. This caused numerous problems in schools and when writing official ...
Dutch verbs; Dutch conjugation 't kofschip; T-rules; Dutch nouns; Archaic Dutch declension; Gender in Dutch grammar; Dutch orthography; List of Dutch dictionaries; IJ;
On the other hand, verbs with an unstressed prefix are not separable: voorkómen becomes voorkóm in the first-person singular present, and voorkómen in the past participle, without the past participle prefix ge-. Dutch, like other Germanic languages, has a strong stress accent and uses stress timing because of its relatively complex syllable ...
The Dutch alphabet in 1560, still including the long s. The modern Dutch alphabet, used for the Dutch language, consists of the 26 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Depending on how y is used, six (or five) letters are vowels and 20 (or 21) letters are consonants. In some aspects, the digraph ij behaves as a single letter.