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Several types of magnetometer are used in terrestrial archaeology. Early surveys, beginning in the 1950s, were conducted with proton precession magnetometers. Data collection with proton precession instruments was slow, making high sample density surveys impracticable. Data were manually recorded and plotted.
During 1961–1963, they surveyed more than 100,000 square feet (9,300 m 2) of the Angel Mounds State Historic Site in Indiana and excavated more than 7,000 square feet (650 m 2) to match anomalous magnetometer readings with the archaeological features that produced them. This was the first systematic use of a proton magnetometer for ...
The compass is a simple type of magnetometer. Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetometer No. 18. The compass, consisting of a magnetized needle whose orientation changes in response to the ambient magnetic field, is a simple type of magnetometer, one that measures the direction of the field. The oscillation frequency of a magnetized needle is ...
It is used in most ground surveys except for boreholes and high-resolution gradiometer surveys. [ 2 ] : 163–165 [ 3 ] : 77–78 Optically pumped magnetometers , which use alkali gases (most commonly rubidium and caesium ) have high sample rates and sensitivities of 0.001 nT or less, but are more expensive than the other types of magnetometers.
Processed data are typically rendered as images, as contour maps, or in false relief. When geophysical data are rendered graphically, the interpreter can more intuitively recognize cultural and natural patterns and visualize the physical phenomena causing the detected anomalies. Geophysical survey using magnetometer
An aeromagnetic survey is a common type of geophysical survey carried out using a magnetometer aboard or towed behind an aircraft. The principle is similar to a magnetic survey carried out with a hand-held magnetometer, but allows much larger areas of the Earth's surface to be covered quickly for regional reconnaissance.
Geophysical surveys are used in industry as well as for academic research. The sensing instruments such as gravimeter, gravitational wave sensor and magnetometers detect fluctuations in the gravitational and magnetic field. The data collected from a geophysical survey is analysed to draw meaningful conclusions out of that.
Quasi-definitive data are intended to encourage the uptake of ground-based magnetometer data alongside the high volumes of satellite survey data, particularly for the construction and geophysical interpretation of regional and global magnetic field models.