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Fused and kiln-formed glass sculpture. Glass fusing is the joining together of pieces of glass at high temperature, usually in a kiln. [1] [2] This is usually done roughly between 700 °C (1,292 °F) and 820 °C (1,510 °F), [3] [4] and can range from tack fusing at lower temperatures, in which separate pieces of glass stick together but still retain their individual shapes, [5] to full fusing ...
Warm glass or kiln-formed glass is the working of glass, usually for artistic purposes, by heating it in a kiln. The processes used depend on the temperature reached and range from fusing and slumping to casting. "Warm glass" is in contrast to the many cold-working glass processes, such as leaded glass. "Hot glass", glassblowing, or lampworking ...
Glass casting is the process in which glass objects are cast by directing molten glass into a mould where it solidifies. The technique has been used since the 15th century BCE in both Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Modern cast glass is formed by a variety of processes such as kiln casting or casting into sand, graphite or metal moulds.
Kiln-formed glass sculpture "United Earth" by Tomasz Urbanowicz. Several of the most common techniques for producing glass art include: blowing, kiln-casting, fusing, slumping, pâté-de-verre, flame-working, hot-sculpting and cold-working. Cold work includes traditional stained glass work as well as other methods of shaping glass at room ...
The process of hot glass is highly scientific in that the types of glass and temperatures that they must be fired at is quite complicated operation to undertake correctly. Art glass that is kiln formed usually take the form of dishes, plates or tiles. Glass that is fused in a kiln must be of the same co-efficient of expansion (CoE). If glass ...
Kiln – the kiln is used to garage and anneal the glass, protecting the piece from thermal shock and relieving thermal stress. Marver – flat surfaces used to roll glass upon in order to shape, smooth or consolidate applied decoration, typically made of graphite or steel .
The presence of foreign residue such as dust on the surface of the glass or inside the kiln prior to firing can provide nucleation points where crystals can propagate easily. The chemical compositions of some types of glass can make them more vulnerable to devitrification than others, for example a high lime content can be factor in inducing ...
Annealing is a process of slowly cooling hot glass objects after they have been formed, to relieve residual internal stresses introduced during manufacture. Especially for smaller, simpler objects, annealing may be incidental to the process of manufacture, but in larger or more complex products it commonly demands a special process of annealing in a temperature-controlled kiln known as a lehr. [1]
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