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The history of Lowell, Massachusetts, is closely tied to its location along the Pawtucket Falls of the Merrimack River, from being an important fishing ground for the Pennacook tribe [1] to providing water power for the factories that formed the basis of the city's economy for a century.
The Merrimack River (or Merrimac River, an occasional earlier spelling [1]) is a 117-mile-long (188 km) river [2] in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, [3] flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Gulf of Maine at Newburyport.
This is a list of bridges and other crossings of the Merrimack River from its mouth in the Gulf of Maine at Newburyport, Massachusetts, upstream to its source at the merger of two rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire. Some pedestrian bridges and abandoned bridges are also listed.
Pawtucket Falls is a waterfall on the Merrimack River at Lowell, Massachusetts. The waterfall and rapids below it drop a total of 32 feet in a little under a mile, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and was an important fishing ground for the Pennacook Indians in pre-colonial times.
Between Middlesex St. and the Merrimack River 42°38′44″N 71°19′12″W / 42.645556°N 71.32°W / 42.645556; -71.32 ( Lowell Locks and Canals Historic National Historic Landmark
The location was chosen because of the water-power potential of the Merrimack River and the already-existing Pawtucket Canal, linking the Merrimack with the Concord River. [5] At Lowell, the Merrimack drops 9 metres (30 ft) over a distance of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi), thereby suitable to provide 7,460 kilowatts (10,000 hp).
See the History of Lowell, Massachusetts article for a detailed history of the city. First settled by Europeans in the 17th century, East Chelmsford (later renamed Lowell in honor of the founders' deceased business partner) became an important manufacturing center along the Merrimack River in the early 1820s.
Lowell (/ ˈ l oʊ ə l /) is a city in Massachusetts, United States.Alongside Cambridge, it is one of two traditional seats of Middlesex County.With an estimated population of 115,554 in 2020, [3] it was the fifth most populous city in Massachusetts as of the last census, and the third most populous in the Boston metropolitan statistical area. [4]