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According to Feng's classification, computer architecture can be classified into four. The classification is based on the way contents stored in memory are processed. The contents can be either data or instructions. [3] Word serial bit serial (WSBS) Word serial bit parallel (WSBP) Word parallel bit serial (WPBS) Word parallel bit parallel (WPBP)
The first documented computer architecture was in the correspondence between Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, describing the analytical engine.While building the computer Z1 in 1936, Konrad Zuse described in two patent applications for his future projects that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data, i.e., the stored-program concept.
Many of the computers were based on the First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC report published in 1945. In what became known as the Von Neumann architecture, a central control unit and arithmetic logic unit (ALU, which he called the central arithmetic part) were combined with computer memory and input and output functions to form a stored program computer. [3]
In computer architecture, Amdahl's law (or Amdahl's argument [1]) is a formula that shows how much faster a task can be completed when you add more resources to the system. The law can be stated as: "the overall performance improvement gained by optimizing a single part of a system is limited by the fraction of time that the improved part is ...
Selection of an instruction set architecture affects , whereas is largely determined by the manufacturing technology. Classic Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) ISAs optimized I n s t r u c t i o n s P r o g r a m {\displaystyle \mathrm {\tfrac {Instructions}{Program}} } by providing a larger set of more complex CPU instructions .
This is a general memory hierarchy structuring. Many other structures are useful. For example, a paging algorithm may be considered as a level for virtual memory when designing a computer architecture, and one can include a level of nearline storage between online and offline storage.
The Harvard architecture is a computer architecture with separate storage [1] and signal pathways for instructions and data. It is often contrasted with the von Neumann architecture, where program instructions and data share the same memory and pathways. This architecture is often used in real-time processing or low-power applications. [2] [3]
Given a database or a set of rules, the computer tries to find a solution matching all the desired properties. An archetype of a declarative language is the fourth generation language SQL , and the family of functional languages and logic programming.