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In engineering, span is the distance between two adjacent structural supports (e.g., two piers) of a structural member (e.g., a beam). Span is measured in the horizontal direction either between the faces of the supports (clear span) or between the centers of the bearing surfaces (effective span): [1] A span can be closed by a solid beam or by ...
Engineered lumber can be cut to length and installed much like sawn lumber; the flitch requires shop fabrication and/or field bolting. This, coupled with a much increased self-weight of the beam (11.4 pounds (5.2 kg) for engineered wood vs. 25.2 pounds (11.4 kg) for a flitch beam), decreases the viability of the system.
The LH- and DLH-Series have been designed for the purpose of extending the use of joists to spans and loads in excess of those covered by Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series. LH-Series Joists have been standardized in depths from 18 inches (460 mm) through 48 inches (1,200 mm), for spans through 96 feet (29,000 mm).
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
Most construction projects require the use of hundreds of different materials. These range from concrete of all different specifications, structural steel, clay, mortar, ceramics, wood, and so on. In terms of a load bearing structural frame, materials will generally consist of structural steel, concrete , masonry , and/or wood, using a suitable ...
Technical terms for similar items include H-beam, I-profile, universal column (UC), w-beam (for "wide flange"), universal beam (UB), rolled steel joist (RSJ), or double-T (especially in Polish, Bulgarian, Spanish, Italian, and German). I-beams are typically made of structural steel and serve a wide variety of construction uses.
The strong bond of the flange (horizontal section) and the two webs (vertical members) creates a structure that is capable of withstanding high loads while having a long span. The typical sizes of double tees are up to 15 feet (4.6 m) for flange width, up to 5 feet (1.5 m) for web depth and up to 80 feet (24 m) or more for span length. [10]
Historically a beam is a squared timber, but may also be made of metal, stone, or a combination of wood and metal [1] such as a flitch beam.Beams primarily carry vertical gravitational forces, but they are also used to carry horizontal loads such as those due to earthquake or wind, or in tension to resist rafter thrust or compression (collar beam).