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There is an association between rheumatoid factor and more persistently active synovitis, more joint damage, greater eventual disability and arthritis. [12] [13] Other than in rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid factor may also be elevated in other conditions, including: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [14] [15] Sjögren syndrome [14] [15]
[2] While the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not clear, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. [1] The underlying mechanism involves the body's immune system attacking the joints. [1] This results in inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule. [1] It also affects the underlying bone and cartilage. [1]
[2] [8] [9] The most common forms are osteoarthritis (most commonly seen in weightbearing joints) and rheumatoid arthritis. [2] Osteoarthritis usually occurs as an individual ages and often affects the hips, knees, shoulders, and fingers. [5] Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that often affects the hands and feet. [5]
Both are characterized by an immune system malfunction which may cause similar symptoms, such as rash, swelling, or fatigue, but the cardinal cause or mechanism of the diseases are different. A key difference is a malfunction of the innate immune system in autoinflammatory diseases, whereas in autoimmune diseases there is a malfunction of the ...
Rheumatism [2] / ˈ r uː m ə t ɪ z əm / or rheumatic disorders are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. [3] Rheumatism does not designate any specific disorder, but covers at least 200 different conditions, including arthritis and "non-articular rheumatism", also known as "regional pain syndrome" or "soft tissue rheumatism".
[2] [3] Today, anti-histone antibodies are still used as a marker for systemic lupus erythematosus, but are also implicated in other autoimmune diseases like Sjögren syndrome, dermatomyositis, or rheumatoid arthritis. [4] [5] Anti-histone antibodies can be used as a marker for drug-induced lupus.
Caplan syndrome is a nodular condition of the lung occurring in dust-exposed persons with either a history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or who subsequently develop RA within the following 5–10 years. [3] The nodules in the lung typically occur bilaterally and peripherally, on a background of simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis. There are ...
Palindromic rheumatism is a disease of unknown cause. It has been suggested that it is an abortive form of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), since anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and antikeratin antibodies (AKA) are present in a high proportion of patients, as is the case in rheumatoid arthritis. [6]