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Psychological functions, as described by Carl Jung in his book Psychological Types, are particular mental processes within a person's psyche that are present regardless of common circumstances. [1] This is a concept that serves as one of the foundations for his theory on personality type .
The Jungian Type Index (JTI) is an alternative to the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Introduced by Optimas in 2001, [ 1 ] the JTI was developed over a 10-year period in Norway by psychologists Thor Ødegård and Hallvard E: Ringstad.
Psychological Types (German: Psychologische Typen) is a book by Carl Jung that was originally published in German by Rascher Verlag in 1921, [1] and translated into English in 1923, becoming volume 6 of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung.
The "irrational" (perceiving) functions: sensation and intuition; Jung went on to suggest that these functions are expressed in either an introverted or extraverted form. [18]: 17 According to Jung, the psyche is an apparatus for adaptation and orientation, and consists of a number of different psychic functions.
According to Jung, people use all four cognitive functions. However, one function is generally used in a more conscious and confident way. This dominant function is supported by the secondary (auxiliary) function, and to a lesser degree the tertiary function. The fourth and least conscious function is always the opposite of the dominant function.
The model is an older and more theoretical approach to personality, accepting extroversion and introversion as basic psychological orientations in connection with two pairs of psychological functions: Perceiving functions: sensing and intuition (trust in concrete, sensory-oriented facts vs. trust in abstract concepts and imagined possibilities)
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In his book, Jung and the Post-Jungians, Andrew Samuels points out some important developments that relate to the concept of Jungian archetypes. Claude Lévi-Strauss was an advocate of structuralism in anthropology and, similar to Jung, was interested in better understanding the nature of collective phenomena. [ 5 ]
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