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These properties concern the domain, the codomain and the image of functions. Injective function: has a distinct value for each distinct input. Also called an injection or, sometimes, one-to-one function. In other words, every element of the function's codomain is the image of at most one element of its domain.
Its domain is the set of all real numbers different from /, and its image is the set of all real numbers different from /. If one extends the real line to the projectively extended real line by including ∞ , one may extend h to a bijection from the extended real line to itself by setting h ( ∞ ) = a / c {\displaystyle h(\infty )=a/c} and h ...
Transcendental functions are functions that are not algebraic. Exponential function: raises a fixed number to a variable power. Hyperbolic functions: formally similar to the trigonometric functions. Inverse hyperbolic functions: inverses of the hyperbolic functions, analogous to the inverse circular functions.
One can also speak of "almost all" integers having a property to mean "all except finitely many", despite the integers not admitting a measure for which this agrees with the previous usage. For example, "almost all prime numbers are odd". There is a more complicated meaning for integers as well, discussed in the main article.
The domain of f is the set of complex numbers such that (). Every rational function can be naturally extended to a function whose domain and range are the whole Riemann sphere (complex projective line). Rational functions are representative examples of meromorphic functions. [6]
In mathematics, an elementary function is a function of a single variable (typically real or complex) that is defined as taking sums, products, roots and compositions of finitely many polynomial, rational, trigonometric, hyperbolic, and exponential functions, and their inverses (e.g., arcsin, log, or x 1/n).
For example, it is sometimes convenient in set theory to permit the domain of a function to be a proper class X, in which case there is formally no such thing as a triple (X, Y, G). With such a definition, functions do not have a domain, although some authors still use it informally after introducing a function in the form f: X → Y. [2]
In number theory, functions of positive integers which respect products are important and are called completely multiplicative functions or totally multiplicative functions. A weaker condition is also important, respecting only products of coprime numbers, and such functions are called multiplicative functions. Outside of number theory, the ...