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A hermit crab emerges from its shell, Coenobita perlatus Outside its shell, the soft, curved abdomen of hermit crabs, such as Pagurus bernhardus, is vulnerable. Hermit crab species range in size and shape, from species only a few millimeters long to Coenobita brevimanus (Indos Crab), which can approach the size of a coconut and live 12–70 years.
The white-spotted hermit crabs are gonochorics, the eggs are carried on the female's abdomen. They also are opportunistic omnivore, mainly feeding on small invertebrates (worms, molluscs, etc.) and they are also reported to feed on holothurians. Commonly these crabs perform a precopulatory courtship ritual. Usually the sperm transfer is indirect.
This land hermit crab lives in mangrove trees, are mainly nocturnal, and terrestrial species, however often prefer salt water inside of its shell. [4] The larger hermit crabs have been known to submerge their entire bodies into the sea water. The saltwater is used to bind the shell to the crabs back through the high salinity in the water. [6]
Long-wristed hermit crabs are scavenger feeders with a broad diet consisting of detritus, organic material found in ocean surface foam, microcrustaceans and algae. [8] [10] Feeding is performed by scooping sand or other substrate with the chelipeds, ripping and tearing food, and then passing it to the mouth for consumption.
The middens also attract hermit crabs which feed on food scraps left by the octopus, but feeding close to the octopus den is a risky business. Smaller hermit crabs (shield length less than 5 mm (0.2 in)) sometimes live inside the octopus den, feeding on food scraps discarded by the octopus. [4]
Intrigued — and somewhat concerned — researchers scoured the internet for images of hermit crabs using human trash instead of natural shells, the study said. They found almost 400 examples.
The hermit crab gains protection from predators by the sea anemone's stinging, and the sea anemone gains an increase in food from the material thrown up by the hermit crab's movements. [3] The relationship is apparently instigated by the sea anemone, which begins a complex series of manoeuvres in order to mount the shell carried by the hermit ...
Coenobita is closely related to the coconut crab, Birgus latro, with the two genera making up the family Coenobitidae.The name Coenobita was coined by Pierre André Latreille in 1829, from an Ecclesiastical Latin word, ultimately from the Greek κοινόβιον, meaning "commune"; the genus is masculine in gender.
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