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  2. Graphene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

    Graphene analogs [330] (also referred to as "artificial graphene") are two-dimensional systems which exhibit similar properties to graphene. Graphene analogs have been studied intensively since the discovery of graphene in 2004. People try to develop systems in which the physics is easier to observe and manipulate than in graphene.

  3. Potential applications of graphene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_applications_of...

    Graphene's properties suggest it as a reference material for characterizing electroconductive and transparent materials. One layer of graphene absorbs 2.3% of red light. [184] This property was used to define the conductivity of transparency that combines sheet resistance and transparency. This parameter was used to compare materials without ...

  4. Electronic properties of graphene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_properties_of...

    The electronic properties of graphene are significantly influenced by the supporting substrate. [59] [60] The Si(100)/H surface does not perturb graphene's electronic properties, whereas the interaction between it and the clean Si(100) surface changes its electronic states significantly. This effect results from the covalent bonding between C ...

  5. Graphene plasmonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene_plasmonics

    Graphene is a 2D nanosheet with atomic thin thickness in terms of 0.34 nm. Due to the ultrathin thickness, graphene showed many properties that are quite different from their bulk graphite counterparts.

  6. Discovery of graphene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_of_graphene

    It was studied in detail by Kohlschütter and Haenni in 1918, who described the properties of graphite oxide paper. [9] Its structure was determined from single-crystal diffraction in 1924. [10] The theory of graphene was first explored by P. R. Wallace in 1947 as a starting point for understanding the electronic properties of 3D graphite.

  7. Graphene chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene_chemistry

    Graphene oxide flakes in polymers display enhanced photo-conducting properties. [10] Graphene is normally hydrophobic and impermeable to all gases and liquids (vacuum-tight). However, when formed into graphene oxide-based capillary membrane, both liquid water and water vapor flow through as quickly as if the membrane was not present. [11]

  8. Graphene production techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene_production_techniques

    The properties of the covalently bonded graphene can differ from the ones of free-standing graphene. [39] An example of this strong coupling is epitaxial graphene on Ru(0001). [ 40 ] However, the coupling is strong only for the first graphene layer on Ru(0001): the second layer is more weakly coupled to the first layer and has already ...

  9. Graphene helix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene_helix

    Graphene has very promising electrical properties. [1] Carbon nanotubes are semimetals meaning they are either metallic or semiconducting along the helical axis, this can depend on the curvature of the graphene helix. On top of having both of these properties graphene has a unique and useful is that it is a "zero-overlap semimetal". [2]