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The practice of shoshin acts as a counter to the hubris and closed-mindedness often associated with thinking of oneself as an expert. [2] This includes the Einstellung effect , where a person becomes so accustomed to a certain way of doing things that they do not consider or acknowledge new ideas or approaches. [ 3 ]
The book's conceptual framework has a basis in psychological research. Research indicates that the soldier mindset is the default human mode of reasoning in high-stakes situations, while the scout mindset bears similarities to "actively open-minded thinking" as described by the psychologist Jonathan Baron. [14]
Open-mindedness is receptiveness to new ideas. Open-mindedness relates to the way in which people approach the views and knowledge of others. [1] Jason Baehr defines an open-minded person as one who "characteristically moves beyond or temporarily sets aside his own doxastic commitments in order to give a fair and impartial hearing to the intellectual opposition". [2]
Mind games for self-improvement fall into two main categories. There are mental exercises and puzzles to maintain or improve the actual working of the brain. [13] Mental exercises can be done through simple socializing. [14] Social interaction engages in many facets of cognitive thinking and can facilitate cognitive functioning.
Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. [1] [2] Openness involves six facets, or dimensions: active imagination (fantasy), aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety (adventurousness), intellectual curiosity, and challenging authority (psychological liberalism). [3]
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There are several exercises designed to develop mindfulness meditation, which may be aided by guided meditations "to get the hang of it". [8] [69] [note 3] As forms of self-observation and interoception, these methods increase awareness of the body, so they are usually beneficial to people with low self-awareness or low awareness of their bodies or emotional state.
Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind is a book of teachings by Shunryu Suzuki, a compilation of talks given at his satellite Zen center in Los Altos, California. Published in 1970 by Weatherhill , the book contains transcriptions of Suzuki's talks recorded by his student Marian Derby . [ 1 ]