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Mythos [from Ancient Greek μῦθος mûthos] is the term used by Aristotle in his Poetics (c. 335 BCE) to mean an Athenian tragedy's plot as a "representation of an action" [1] or "the arrangement of the incidents" [2] that "represents the action". [3]
Aristotle's work on aesthetics consists of the Poetics, Politics (Bk VIII), and Rhetoric. [8] The Poetics was lost to the Western world for a long time. The text was restored to the West in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance only through a Latin translation of an Arabic version written by Averroes. [9]
The origin of the word tragedy has been a matter of discussion from ancient times. The primary source of knowledge on the question is the Poetics of Aristotle. Aristotle was able to gather first-hand documentation from theater performance in Attica, which is inaccessible to scholars today. His work is therefore invaluable for the study of ...
He recognizes four subclasses: a. "definition by formal elements" (for instance the supposed "three unities"); b. "definition by situation" (where one defines tragedy for instance as "exhibiting the fall of a good man"); c. "definition by ethical direction" (where the critic is concerned with the meaning, with the "intellectual and moral effect ...
Trissino claimed he was following Aristotle. However, Trissino had no access to Aristotle's most significant work on the tragic form, Poetics. Trissino expanded with his own ideas on what he was able to glean from Aristotle's book, Rhetoric. In Rhetoric Aristotle considers the dramatic elements of action and time, while focusing on audience ...
For instance, Aristotle stated that Tragedy is an imitation, "not of persons but of action and life, of happiness and misery." [5] An aspect Aristotle had developed was his theory of catharsis, an aspect that Plato has rejected. [5] Catharsis, or in other words, purging of the emotions "through pity and fear," is accomplished by tragedy. [5]
Kullervo, a tragic hero from the Karelian and Finnish Kalevala. The influence of the Aristotelian hero extends past classical Greek literary criticism.Greek theater had a direct and profound influence on Roman theater and formed the basis of Western theater, with other tragic heroes including Macbeth in William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Macbeth, and Othello in his Othello. [4]
Aristotle taught that tragedy is composed of six elements: plot-structure, character, style, thought, spectacle, and lyric poetry. [157] The characters in a tragedy are merely a means of driving the story; and the plot, not the characters, is the chief focus of tragedy.