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Alanine is the simplest α-amino acid after glycine. The methyl side-chain of alanine is non-reactive and is therefore hardly ever directly involved in protein function. [12] Alanine is a nonessential amino acid, meaning it can be manufactured by the human body, and does not need to be obtained through the diet. Alanine is found in a wide ...
Alanine: Ala A Arginine: Arg R Asparagine: Asn N Aspartic acid: Asp D Cysteine: Cys C Glutamic acid: Glu E Glutamine: Gln Q Glycine: Gly G Histidine: His H Isoleucine: Ile I Leucine: Leu L Lysine: Lys K Methionine: Met M Phenylalanine: Phe F Proline: Pro P Pyrrolysine: Pyl O Selenocysteine: Sec U Serine: Ser S Threonine: Thr T Tryptophan: Trp W ...
For example, the systematic name of alanine is 2-aminopropanoic acid, based on the formula CH 3 −CH(NH 2)−COOH. The Commission justified this approach as follows: [7] The systematic names and formulas given refer to hypothetical forms in which amino groups are unprotonated and carboxyl groups are undissociated.
Protein is a nutrient needed by the human body for growth and maintenance. Aside from water, proteins are the most abundant kind of molecules in the body. Protein can be found in all cells of the body and is the major structural component of all cells in the body, especially muscle. This also includes body organs, hair and skin.
Six amino acids are non-essential (dispensable) in humans, meaning they can be synthesized in sufficient quantities in the body. These six are alanine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, serine, [2] and selenocysteine (considered the 21st amino acid).
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As an example, consider alanine. Alanine is a glucogenic amino acid that the liver's gluconeogenesis process can use to produce glucose. Muscle cells break down their protein when their blood glucose levels fall, which happens during fasting or periods of intense exercise. The breakdown process releases alanine, which is then transferred to the ...