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The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria was officially a secular state, with its constitution stating, "The Chechen Republic is a secular state. No religion may be established as a state or compulsory religion." [93] The Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of the Chechen Republic—the Chechen muftiate—was a non-governmental organisation.
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Checheno-Ingush ASSR split into two parts: the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic. The latter proclaimed the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, which declared independence, while the former sided with Russia. [9] Following the First Chechen War of 1994–1996 with Russia, Chechnya ...
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Today, the Russo-Caucasian Conflict manifests in complex social, political, and economic dimensions, with the North Caucasus region under ongoing Russian control. Many North Caucasians perceive this as a continuation of historical occupation, as the Russian government maintains a significant military and security presence in the area, often ...
Although the Council of Europe has recognized it as a "genocidal act", no country except the self-declared, unrecognized Chechen Republic of Ichkeria officially recognizes the act as a genocide. During the repression period (1944–1957), deported nations were not allowed to change places without special permit taken from local authority.
Amid Russia's invasion of Ukraine, a congress of the Chechen diaspora in Europe was held in Brussels on February 24 to support Ukraine, organized by the State Committee for the De-occupation of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria led by Akhmed Zakayev, who also heads the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria's government in exile.
Since the 1991 Chechen Revolution, Chechnya has had several leaders, representing both pro- and anti-Russian forces. This article lists the heads of state and government of both the nationalist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria and the Russian-backed Chechen Republic, as well as the leaders of the jihadist Caucasus Emirate.