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In Arab-Muslim majority countries, racism against Black Muslims and Asian Muslims, especially South Asian Muslims, is often ubiquitous. Racist attitudes and oppression perpetrated in the Arab-Muslim world against Black Muslims is deeply connected to the long legacy of the Trans-Saharan slave trade , the Red Sea slave trade , and the Indian ...
Religious discrimination or bias [1] is related to religious persecution, the most extreme forms of which would include instances in which people have been executed for beliefs that have been perceived to be heretical. Laws that only carry light punishments are described as mild forms of religious persecution or religious discrimination.
At a 2009 symposium on "Islamophobia and Religious Discrimination", Robin Richardson, a former director of the Runnymede Trust [62] [failed verification] and the editor of Islamophobia: a challenge for us all, [63] said that "the disadvantages of the term Islamophobia are significant" on seven different grounds, including that it implies it is ...
The persecution of Zoroastrians has occurred throughout their religion's history. The discrimination and harassment began in the form of sparse violence and forced conversions. According to Zoroastrian records, Muslims destroyed fire temples. Zoroastrians who lived under Muslim rule were required to pay a tax which was called the jizya. [319]
As late as the 20th century, some authors argued that slavery in Islamic societies was free of racism. However, recent research has revealed racist attitudes in Islamic history—especially anti-Black racism and a link between Blackness and slavery—dating back to at least the ninth century CE. [64]
CAP defines the megaphone analogy as "a tight network of anti-Muslim, anti-Islam foundations, misinformation experts, validators, grass root organizations, religious rights groups and their allies in the media and in politics" who work together to misrepresent Islam and Muslims in the United States. [4] As a result of this network, Islam is now ...
Afzal Khan has urged Sir Keir Starmer to formally adopt a definition of Islamophobia after scenes of disorder in parts of the UK. Define Islamophobia to drive ‘racism and vitriol’ off streets ...
In the early days of Islam in Mecca, pre-Islamic Arabia, the new Muslims were frequently subjected to abuse and persecution by the Meccans, known as the Mushrikun in Islam, who were adherents to polytheism. In the contemporary period, Muslims have faced religious restrictions in some countries.