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Intermittent claudication is a symptom and is by definition diagnosed by a patient reporting a history of leg pain with walking relieved by rest. However, as other conditions such as sciatica can mimic intermittent claudication, testing is often performed to confirm the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease .
Cilostazol, sold under the brand name Pletal among others, is a medication used to help the symptoms of intermittent claudication in peripheral vascular disease. [2] If no improvement is seen after 3 months, stopping the medication is reasonable. [3] It may also be used to prevent stroke. [2] It is taken by mouth. [2]
Critical limb ischemia is diagnosed by the presence of ischemic rest pain, and an ulcers that will not heal or gangrene due to insufficient blood flow. [3] Insufficient blood flow may be confirmed by ankle-brachial index (ABI), ankle pressure, toe-brachial index (TBI), toe systolic pressure, transcutaneous oxygen measurement (TcpO2 ), or skin perfusion pressure (SPP).
Both neurogenic claudication and vascular claudication manifest as leg pain with walking, but several key features help distinguish between these conditions. [7] In contrast to NC, vascular claudication does not vary with changes in posture. [9] Patients with vascular claudication may experience relief with standing, which may provoke symptoms ...
The risk is low that an individual with claudication will develop severe ischemia and require amputation, but the risk of death from coronary events is three to four times higher than matched controls without claudication. [74] Of patients with intermittent claudication, only "7% will undergo lower-extremity bypass surgery, 4% major amputations ...
The prognosis for patients with peripheral vascular disease due to atherosclerosis is poor; patients with intermittent claudication due to atherosclerosis are at increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease (e.g. heart attack), because the same disease that affects the legs is often present in the arteries of the heart. [8]
Patients with PAES are typically healthy young males without previous history of cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes. [13] Typically, patients present with intermittent claudication that is worsened with exercise and relieved with rest. [3]
Cilostazol is used for the treatment of intermittent claudication. This drug has a much weaker positive inotropic effect than those drugs used for the therapy of acute heart failure, and lacks significant adverse cardiac effects.