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  2. Adrenal medulla - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_medulla

    The adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines; epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Because the ANS, specifically the sympathetic division, exerts direct control over the chromaffin cells , the hormone release can occur rather quickly. [ 2 ]

  3. Adrenal gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland

    The layers of the adrenal gland differ by function, with each layer having distinct enzymes that produce different hormones from a common precursor. [4] The first enzymatic step in the production of all steroid hormones is cleavage of the cholesterol side chain, a reaction that forms pregnenolone as a product and is catalyzed by the enzyme ...

  4. Norepinephrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norepinephrine

    Pharmaceutical compound Norepinephrine Skeletal formula of noradrenaline Ball-and-stick model of the zwitterionic form of noradrenaline found in the crystal structure Clinical data Other names NE, NA, Noradrenaline, (R)-(–)-Norepinephrine, l-1-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol 3,4,β-Trihydroxyphenethylamine Physiological data Source tissues locus coeruleus ; sympathetic nervous system ...

  5. Sympathoadrenal system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathoadrenal_system

    However, more severe disorders of the sympathoadrenal system such as pheochromocytoma (a tumor on the adrenal medulla) can affect the body's ability to maintain a homeostatic state. In these cases, curative agents such as adrenergic agonists and antagonists are used to modify epinephrine and norepinephrine levels released by the adrenal medulla ...

  6. Neurohormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurohormone

    A neurohormone is any hormone produced and released by neuroendocrine cells (also called neurosecretory cells) into the blood. [1] [2] By definition of being hormones, they are secreted into the circulation for systemic effect, but they can also have a role of neurotransmitter or other roles such as autocrine (self) or paracrine (local) messenger.

  7. Adrenaline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline

    Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication [10] [11] which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). [10] [12] It appears as a white microcrystalline granule. [13] Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata. [14]

  8. Neuroendocrine cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_cell

    An example of a neuroendocrine cell is a cell of the adrenal medulla (innermost part of the adrenal gland), which releases adrenaline to the blood. The adrenal medullary cells are controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. These cells are modified postganglionic neurons. Autonomic nerve fibers lead directly to them ...

  9. Chromaffin cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromaffin_cell

    Chromaffin cells, also called pheochromocytes (or phaeochromocytes), are neuroendocrine cells found mostly in the medulla of the adrenal glands in mammals.These cells serve a variety of functions such as serving as a response to stress, monitoring carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations in the body, maintenance of respiration and the regulation of blood pressure. [1]