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By creating a false dichotomy that presents one option which is obviously advantageous—while at the same time being completely unrealistic—a person using the nirvana fallacy can attack any opposing idea because it is imperfect. Under this fallacy, the choice is not between real world solutions; it is, rather, a choice between one realistic ...
The person making the argument expects that the listener will accept the provided definition, making the argument difficult to refute. [19] Divine fallacy (argument from incredulity) – arguing that, because something is so phenomenal or amazing, it must be the result of superior, divine, alien or paranormal agency. [20]
Approach-avoidance conflicts occur when there is one goal or event that has both positive and negative effects or characteristics that make the goal appealing and unappealing simultaneously. [3] [4] [5] For example, marriage is a momentous decision that has both positive and negative aspects. The positive aspects, or approach portion, of ...
The tendency of people to remember past experiences in a positive light, while overlooking negative experiences associated with that event. Fading affect bias A bias in which the emotion associated with unpleasant memories fades more quickly than the emotion associated with positive events.
appealing to an ideal can also be handled in various ways, such as the following: by understanding the reason for their position; avoiding attacks against a person or audience's personality; use the attributes of the ideal to reinforce the message. Pathos tends to use "loaded" words that will get some sort of reaction.
He states that people "differ in their sensitivity and vulnerability to certain types of events, as well as in their interpretations and reactions". [5] While Richard Lazarus came up with many of the fundamental ideas used in the protection motivation theory, Rogers was the first to apply the terminology when discussing fear appeals.
However, when appeal to the stone is used to argue, there is a diminished ability for a person to create a rebuttal due to lack of elaboration on why there has been a disagreement. [10] Additionally, the appeal to the stone technique is often paired with other logical fallacies that restrict the ability to further dialogue. [11]
The power of emotions to influence judgment, including political attitudes, has been recognized since classical antiquity. Aristotle, in his treatise Rhetoric, described emotional arousal as critical to persuasion, "The orator persuades by means of his hearers, when they are roused to emotion by his speech; for the judgments we deliver are not the same when we are influenced by joy or sorrow ...