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  2. Flow coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_coefficient

    With C v = 1.0 and 200 psia inlet pressure, the flow is 100 standard cubic feet per minute (scfm). The flow is proportional to the absolute inlet pressure, so the flow in scfm would equal the C v flow coefficient if the inlet pressure were reduced to 2 psia and the outlet were connected to a vacuum with less than 1 psi absolute pressure (1.0 ...

  3. Paschen's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paschen's_law

    For example, in air, at a pressure of one atmosphere, the distance for minimal breakdown voltage is about 7.5 μm. The voltage required to arc this distance is 327 V, which is insufficient to ignite the arcs for gaps that are either wider or narrower. For a 3.5 μm gap, the required voltage is 533 V, nearly twice as much.

  4. Control valve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_valve

    The pneumatic control signals are traditionally based on a pressure range of 3–15 psi (0.2–1.0 bar), or more commonly now, an electrical signal of 4-20mA for industry, or 0–10 V for HVAC systems. Electrical control now often includes a "Smart" communication signal superimposed on the 4–20 mA control current, such that the health and ...

  5. Current loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_loop

    The pressure transmitter modulates the current on the loop to send the signal to the strip chart recorder, but does not in itself supply power to the loop and so is passive. Another loop may contain two passive chart recorders, a passive pressure transmitter, and a 24 V battery (the battery is the active device).

  6. Pressure coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_coefficient

    This pressure distribution is simply the pressure at all points around an airfoil. Typically, graphs of these distributions are drawn so that negative numbers are higher on the graph, as the C p {\displaystyle C_{p}} for the upper surface of the airfoil will usually be farther below zero and will hence be the top line on the graph.

  7. Transimpedance amplifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transimpedance_amplifier

    In electronics, a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is a current to voltage converter, almost exclusively implemented with one or more operational amplifiers. The TIA can be used to amplify [1] the current output of Geiger–Müller tubes, photo multiplier tubes, accelerometers, photo detectors and other types of sensors to a usable voltage ...

  8. Capability curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability_curve

    Capability curves for generators with full converters: D-shape (red), rectangular (green), triangular (blue) The inverter-based resources (like solar photovoltaic (PV) generators, doubly-fed induction generators and full-converter wind generators, also known as "Type 3" and "Type 4" turbines [5]) need to have reactive capabilities in order to contribute to the grid stability, yet their ...

  9. Dynamic pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_pressure

    Dynamic pressure is one of the terms of Bernoulli's equation, which can be derived from the conservation of energy for a fluid in motion. [1] At a stagnation point the dynamic pressure is equal to the difference between the stagnation pressure and the static pressure, so the dynamic pressure in a flow field can be measured at a stagnation point ...