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Animal ecologist, biogeographer, author of first American book on animal ecology in 1913, founded ecological energetics [82] [83] Friedrich Ratzel: 1844–1904: German geographer who first coined the term biogeography in 1891. Frederic Clements: 1874–1945: Authored the first influential American ecology book in 1905 [84] Victor Ernest ...
While at the University of Nebraska, he met Edith Gertrude Schwartz (1874–1971), also a botanist and ecologist, and they were married in 1899. [1] [5] In 1905 he was appointed full professor at the University of Nebraska, but left in 1907 to head the botany department at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis.
George Evelyn Hutchinson ForMemRS (January 30, 1903 – May 17, 1991) was a British ecologist sometimes described as the "father of modern ecology." [2] He contributed for more than sixty years to the fields of limnology, systems ecology, radiation ecology, entomology, genetics, biogeochemistry, a mathematical theory of population growth, art history, philosophy, religion, and anthropology. [3]
MacArthur was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, 1958–65, and professor of biology at Princeton University, 1965–72.He played an important role in the development of niche partitioning, and with E.O. Wilson he co-authored The Theory of Island Biogeography (1967), a work which changed the field of biogeography, drove community ecology and led to the development of modern ...
In historical ecology, the landscape is defined as an area of interaction between human culture and the non-human environment. The landscape is a perpetually changing, physical manifestation of history. [17] Historical ecology revises the notion of the ecosystem and replaces it with the landscape. While an ecosystem is static and cyclic, a ...
In the early 20th century, ecology transitioned from a more descriptive form of natural history to a more analytical form of scientific natural history. [236] [239] [253] Frederic Clements published the first American ecology book in 1905, [254] presenting the idea of plant communities as a superorganism. This publication launched a debate ...
John Muir (/ m jʊər / MURE; April 21, 1838 – December 24, 1914), [1] also known as "John of the Mountains" and "Father of the National Parks", [2] was a Scottish-born American [3] [4]: 42 naturalist, author, environmental philosopher, botanist, zoologist, glaciologist, and early advocate for the preservation of wilderness in the United States.
Egler was a prolific writer and a prescient scientist. His 1942 paper, "Vegetation as an Object of Study," was among the first to attempt to apply the logic of philosophy to ecology. The same year, and more than a decade before Charles Elton's influential 1958 book on the subject, he published on invasion ecology.