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The Korean language has diverged between North and South Korea due to the length of time that the two states have been separated. [1]The Korean Language Society in 1933 made the "Proposal for Unified Korean Orthography" (Korean: 한글 맞춤법 통일안; RR: Hangeul Matchumbeop Tong-iran), which continued to be used by both Korean states after the end of Japanese rule in 1945.
The Seoul accent can be divided into three variations: conservative, general, and modified. The conservative form is often found in those who have been born or have lived in Seoul before the industrialization in the 1970s (i.e. old natives of Seoul). To some people, this can slightly sound like a North Korean accent.
Spoken in the Jeolla Province region of South Korea, including the city of Gwangju. Ten vowels: i, e, ae, a, ü, ö, u, o, eu, eo. [citation needed] Jeju Spoken on Jeju Island off the southwest coast of South Korea and is sometimes considered a separate Koreanic language. [11] The nine vowels of Middle Korean, including arae-a (ɔ). May have ...
South Korean authors claim that the standard language (pyojun-eo or pyojun-mal) of both South Korea and North Korea is based on the dialect of the area around Seoul (which, as Hanyang, was the capital of Joseon-era Korea for 500 years), but since 1966, North Korea officially states that its standard is based on the Pyongyang speech.
Most Gyeongsang dialects have six vowels, a (ㅏ), e (ㅔ), i (ㅣ), eo (ㅓ), o (ㅗ), u (ㅜ). In most areas, the vowelsㅐ(ae) and ㅔ (e) are conflated. A 2015 study found that Gyeongsang dialect speakers merged these sounds more significantly than speakers from central regions of Korea, but less so than speakers from southwestern Korea in Jeonbuk or Jeonnam. [2]
Thus, Pyongan dialect was chosen as the standard dialect for North Korean, purely for the reason that it was considered less "contaminated" by foreign cultures and capitalists. [2] The legacy of the New Korean Orthography lies in North Korea's modern use of Hangul, which reflects morphology more than pronunciation as it does in the South. [4]
North Korea's approach to vocabulary management, consisting of maintenance, distribution, and control, is executed based on a centralized, top-down policy, which fundamentally differs from South Korea's approach. [6] Vocabulary maintenance in North Korea principally targets words of foreign origin, classified into Sino-Korean words and loan words.
Many loanwords have been purged from the North Korean standard, while South Korea has expanded Sino-Korean vocabulary and adopted loanwords, especially from English. [20] [21] Nonetheless, due to its origin in the Seoul dialect, the North Korean standard language is easily intelligible to all South Koreans. [18] [22]