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Antibiotics by mouth and by intravenous appear similar. [32] [33] Due to insufficient evidence it is unclear what the best antibiotic treatment is for osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease as of 2019. [34] Initial first-line antibiotic choice is determined by the patient's history and regional differences in common infective organisms.
Antibiotic choice should be guided by deep tissue culture, severity of the infection, presence or absence of osteomyelitis, prior antibiotic treatment, and previous or current MRSA infection. [17] Wounds without confirmed infection should not be treated with antibiotics, nor should be sent for culture.
Flucloxacillin, also known as floxacillin, is an antibiotic used to treat skin infections, external ear infections, infections of leg ulcers, diabetic foot infections, and infection of bone. [6] It may be used together with other medications to treat pneumonia, and endocarditis. [6]
Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. [5]
Linezolid is an antibiotic used for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. [9] [10] Linezolid is active against most Gram-positive bacteria that cause disease, including streptococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Long bones osteomyelitis is often caused by trauma, hematogenic spread, or the presence of a prosthetic device. [ citation needed ] Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides spp. are the most frequently recovered isolates at all bone infections, including those caused by bites and cranial infection.
The use of prophylactic antibiotics before dental, genitourinary, gastrointestinal procedures to prevent infection of the implant is controversial. [2] Low-quality evidence suggests that the use of corticosteroids may reduce pain and the number of days of antibiotic treatment in children. [31]
A Cochrane review found that while it is an effective treatment for shigellosis it also produces more significant adverse effects than other antibiotic drugs. [43] Staphylococcus aureus infections: No: No: No: In vitro and in vivo activity against both non-resistant and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. [44] [45 ...