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The fraud occurs when the criminals sell the goods with VAT in the UK but fail to pass the VAT to HMRC. [49] The goods are often repeatedly shipped around EU countries by criminal gang networks, hence the "carousel" name. [50] According to the HMRC, between £1.1bn and £1.9bn tax revenue was lost in 2004/05 due to carousel fraud. [50]
His Majesty's Revenue and Customs (commonly HM Revenue and Customs, or HMRC) [4] [5] is a non-ministerial department of the UK government responsible for the collection of taxes, the payment of some forms of state support, the administration of other regulatory regimes including the national minimum wage and the issuance of national insurance numbers.
HMRC's 2017 consultation response stated that spreadsheets can be used if they can meet with HMRC's technical requirements. [5] However, many taxpayers will use more comprehensive accounting software to avoid the complications of linking a spreadsheet to their digital tax account. [ 6 ]
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From 1 January 2020, the valid VAT number of the customer is a material requirement to be able to apply the zero VAT rate for intra-Community supplies of goods in the EU. If the customer's VAT number is not valid, 0% VAT rate cannot be applied. Companies must make sure that the VAT numbers of their customers are checked. [4]
On 1 December 2008, VAT was reduced to 15 per cent, as a reaction to the late-2000s recession, by Chancellor Alistair Darling. [citation needed] On 1 January 2010, VAT returned to 17.5 per cent. [citation needed] On 4 January 2011, VAT was raised to 20 per cent by Chancellor George Osborne, where it remains.
The VAT Information Exchange System (VIES) is an electronic means of transmitting information relating to VAT registration (i.e., validity of VAT numbers) of companies registered in the European Union. EU law requires that, where goods or services are procured within the EU by a VAT taxpayer, VAT must be paid only in the member state where the ...