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In Newtonian mechanics, momentum (pl.: momenta or momentums; more specifically linear momentum or translational momentum) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object. It is a vector quantity, possessing a magnitude and a direction.
Recoil: The backward momentum of a gun when it is discharged. In technical terms, the recoil caused by the gun exactly balances the forward momentum of the projectile, according to Newton's third law. (often called kickback or simply kick). Recoil operation: An operating mechanism used in locked-breech, autoloading firearms. As the name implies ...
forward progress The location to which a ball carrier's forward momentum carries him before they are tackled. At the end of a play, the football is spotted at the point where the ball carrier's forward progress is stopped, even if they are pushed backward by the defenders. fourth down The final of a set of four downs.
angular momentum. Also (rarely) moment of momentum or rotational momentum. The rotational equivalent of linear momentum. It is an important quantity in physics because it is a conserved quantity–that is, the total angular momentum of a closed system remains constant. angular velocity (ω)
Tipping point – The point at which "the momentum for change becomes unstoppable." – Gladwell; VUCA – Volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity characterize the strategic environment – U.S. Army War College
The gun acquires a rearward velocity that is ratio of this momentum by the mass of the gun: the heavier the gun, the slower the rearward velocity. As an example, a 8 g (124 gr) bullet of 9×19mm Parabellum flying forward at 350 m/s muzzle speed generates a momentum to push a 0.8 kg pistol firing it at 3.5 m/s rearward, if unopposed by the shooter.
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The momentum rule is related to the law governing forward passes. Whether a ball has been illegally passed forward is judged by its movement relative to the player passing it. [6] This method is used because most passes involve the ball moving forward relative to the ground as the players carrying it move towards their opponents' goal line. [6 ...