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Fusarium circinatum is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the serious disease pitch canker on pine trees and Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii).The most common hosts of the pathogen include slash pine (Pinus elliottii), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula), and Douglas fir. [1]
Slime flux, also known as bacterial slime or bacterial wetwood, is a bacterial disease of certain trees, primarily elm, cottonwood, poplar, boxelder, ash, aspen, fruitless mulberry and oak. A wound to the bark, caused by pruning, insects, poor branch angles or natural cracks and splits, causes sap to ooze from the wound. Bacteria may infect ...
To tap into the sap producing layers of the tree, harvesters used a series of hacks to remove the pine bark. Once debarked, pine trees secrete crude turpentine onto the surface of the wound as a protective measure to seal the opening, resist exposure to micro-organisms and insects, and prevent vital sap loss. Harvesters wounded trees in V ...
When a wound on a tree penetrates through the bark and into the sapwood, the tree secretes a resin. Myrrh gum, like frankincense, is such a resin. Myrrh is harvested by repeatedly wounding the trees to bleed the gum, which is waxy and coagulates quickly. After the harvest, the gum becomes hard and glossy.
In defense, healthier trees may produce sap, resin or latex, which often contains a number of insecticidal and fungicidal compounds that can kill, injure, or immobilize attacking insects. Sap is one of the first lines of defense of pines against bark beetles. Released sap or resins can plug bored holes of bark beetles and seal wounds. Resins ...
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Such responses to wounds are found at the site of the wound and also systemically. These are mediated by hormones.[1] As a plant senses a wound, it immediately sends a signal for innate immunity. [3] These signals are controlled by hormones such as jasmonic acid, ethylene and abscisic acid. Jasmonic acid induces the prosystemin gene along with ...
“They didn’t assault me,” I said, “until they did.” “Ohhh,” he said, the hackles in his voice softening. “What can I do,” he asked me then, “to make things better?”