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  2. Hindsight bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindsight_bias

    Research suggests that the main cause of hindsight bias is that no investor can remember how they made their decisions at the time. Therefore, in order to invest more rationally and safely, investors should keep a diary of the influences, outcomes and show why those outcomes were achieved when making their investment decisions. [ 63 ]

  3. Predictive modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_modelling

    Predictive modelling uses statistics to predict outcomes. [1] Most often the event one wants to predict is in the future, but predictive modelling can be applied to any type of unknown event, regardless of when it occurred.

  4. Predictability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictability

    Predictability is the degree to which a correct prediction or forecast of a system's state can be made, either qualitatively or quantitatively.

  5. Computational irreducibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_irreducibility

    Israeli, Navot, and Nigel Goldenfeld, "On computational irreducibility and the predictability of complex physical systems". Physical Review Letters, 2004. " "Computational Irreducibility". ISAAC/EINSTein research and development. Archived from the original on 2011-12-11. Berger, David, "Stephen Wolfram, A New Kind of Science". Serendip's ...

  6. Why Most Published Research Findings Are False - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_Most_Published...

    Despite skepticism about extreme statements made in the paper, Ioannidis's broader argument and warnings have been accepted by a large number of researchers. [7] The growth of metascience and the recognition of a scientific replication crisis have bolstered the paper's credibility, and led to calls for methodological reforms in scientific research.

  7. Randomness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomness

    A pseudorandomly generated bitmap. In common usage, randomness is the apparent or actual lack of definite pattern or predictability in information. [1] [2] A random sequence of events, symbols or steps often has no order and does not follow an intelligible pattern or combination.

  8. Efficient-market hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient-market_hypothesis

    Many decades of empirical research on return predictability has found mixed evidence. Research in the 1950s and 1960s often found a lack of predictability (e.g. Ball and Brown 1968; Fama, Fisher, Jensen, and Roll 1969), yet the 1980s-2000s saw an explosion of discovered return predictors (e.g. Rosenberg, Reid, and Lanstein 1985; Campbell and ...

  9. Positive and negative predictive values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_negative...

    The positive predictive value (PPV), or precision, is defined as = + = where a "true positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a positive result under the gold standard, and a "false positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a negative result under the gold standard.