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  2. Spanish American Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_Enlightenment

    Enlightenment texts circulating in Spanish America have been linked to the intellectual underpinnings of Spanish American independence. [5] Works by Enlightenment philosophers were owned and read in Spanish America, despite restrictions on the book trade and their inclusion on the Inquisition’s list of forbidden books . [ 6 ]

  3. Spanish American wars of independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of...

    The Enlightenment spurred the desire for social and economic reform to spread throughout Spanish America and the Iberian Peninsula. Ideas about free trade and physiocratic economics were raised by the Enlightenment in Spain and spread to the overseas empire and a homegrown Spanish American Enlightenment. The political reforms implemented and ...

  4. Enlightenment in Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain

    The ideas of the Age of Enlightenment had a strong impact in Spain and a ripple effect in Spanish American Enlightenment in Spain's overseas empire. Despite the general anticlerical tendencies of the Enlightenment, Spain and Spanish America held Roman Catholicism as a core identity. [5]

  5. Bourbon Reforms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourbon_Reforms

    Another goal was to more efficiently extract raw materials from Spanish America and create a captive Spanish American market for Spanish goods. The Bourbons, with the help of administrator José Patiño , implemented several new strategies aimed at streamlining the production and importation of Spanish American goods to Spain. [ 25 ]

  6. Historiography of Colonial Spanish America - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiography_of_Colonial...

    The Spanish American Enlightenment produced a huge body of information on Spain's overseas empire via scientific expeditions. The most famous scientific traveler in Spanish America was Alexander von Humboldt , whose travel writings and scientific observations remain important sources for the history of Spanish America, most especially his ...

  7. John Tate Lanning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tate_Lanning

    His work on the Spanish Enlightenment in Spanish America challenged received understandings of Spanish obscurantism. [1] In 1957, Lanning’s book The Eighteenth-Century Enlightenment in the University of San Carlos de Guatemala won the first Herbert E. Bolton Prize of the Conference on Latin American History for the best book in English. [2]

  8. 11 Hispanic-American Innovators Who Helped Change the World - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/11-hispanic-american...

    The Costa Rican-American physicist and mechanical engineer is a veteran of seven Space Shuttle missions, the last in 2002. ... the Spanish-American actress, singer, and dancer starred in more than ...

  9. José Celestino Mutis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_Celestino_Mutis

    José Celestino Bruno Mutis y Bosio (6 April 1732 – 11 September 1808) was a Spanish priest, botanist and mathematician.He was a significant figure in the Spanish American Enlightenment, whom Alexander von Humboldt met with on his expedition to Spanish America. [1]