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An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time. For example, in meningococcal infections , an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic.
An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time; in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic. [1]
Epidemic may also refer to: A particular epidemic; see list of epidemics. COVID-19 pandemic (2019–present) of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2; Spanish flu (1918–1920) of influenza caused by H1N1 influenzavirus; Black Death (14th century) of bubonic plague caused by Yersinia pestis; Plague of Justinian (6th century) of plague caused by ...
An epidemic may be restricted to one location; however, if it spreads to other countries or continents and affects a substantial number of people, it may be termed as a pandemic. The declaration of an epidemic usually requires a good understanding of a baseline rate of incidence ; epidemics for certain diseases, such as influenza , are defined ...
Difference between outbreak, endemic, epidemic and pandemic. In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease when cases are in excess of normal expectancy for the location or season. It may affect a small and localized group or impact upon thousands of people across an entire continent.
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Main article: Anthropause The global reduction of modern human activity, especially travel. Artificial immunity Immunity resulting from a vaccine or other immune-generating substance.
The term murrain also referred to an epidemic of such a disease. There were major sheep- and cattle-murrains in Europe during the 14th century, which, combined with the Little Ice Age , resulted in the Great Famine of 1315–1317 , weakening the population of Europe before the onset of the Black Death in 1348.