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Rubus ulmifolius is a species of wild blackberry known by the English common name elmleaf blackberry or thornless blackberry and the Spanish common name zarzamora.It is native to Europe and North Africa, and has also become naturalized in parts of the United States (especially California), Australia, and southern South America.
Rubus ursinus is a wide, mounding shrub or vine, growing to 0.61–1.52 metres (2–5 feet) high, and more than 1.8 m (6 ft) wide. [3] The prickly branches can take root if they touch soil, thus enabling the plant to spread vegetatively and form larger clonal colonies.
The fruits are compound drupes which change from bright red to black at maturity. Each section (drupelet) of a blackberry contains a single seed. Second year plants die after bearing fruits, but regrow from the underground portion of the plant. There are many species of blackberries, which are edible and differ by size. [6]
Fruit growers are selective when planting blackberry bushes because wild blackberries may be infected, [36] and gardeners are recommended to purchase only certified disease-free plants. [37] The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a serious pest of blackberries. [38]
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The marionberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) is a cultivar of blackberry released in 1956 by the USDA Agricultural Research Service breeding program in cooperation with Oregon State University. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is named after Marion County, Oregon , where the berry was bred and tested extensively in the mid-20th century.
Rubus occidentalis is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 to 3 metres (6.6 to 9.8 ft) tall. [6] The leaves are pinnate, with five leaflets on leaves, strong-growing stems in their first year, and three leaflets on leaves on flowering branchlets.
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