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  2. Dark skin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_skin

    A woman with dark skin. Dark skin is a type of human skin color that is rich in melanin pigments. [1] [2] [3] People with dark skin are often referred to as black people, [4] although this usage can be ambiguous in some countries where it is also used to specifically refer to different ethnic groups or populations. [5] [6] [7] [8]

  3. List of African-American inventors and scientists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African-American...

    Worked as a draftsman for both Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison; invented the more durable filament, which made the incandescent light bulb last long enough to be useful; became a member of Edison's Pioneers and served as an expert witness in many light bulb litigation lawsuits; said to have invented the water closet. [125] [126] [127] [128]

  4. Color terminology for race - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_terminology_for_race

    In some societies people can be sensitive to gradations of skin tone, which may be due to miscegenation or to albinism and which can affect power and prestige. In 1930s Harlem slang, such gradations were described by a tonescale of "high yaller (yellow), yaller, high brown, vaseline brown, seal brown, low brown, dark brown". [33]

  5. Black people - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_people

    Black is a racialized classification of people, usually a political and skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid- to dark brown complexion.Not all people considered "black" have dark skin; in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification in the Western world, the term "black" is used to describe persons who are perceived as dark-skinned ...

  6. Jack Parsons - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Parsons

    Parsons (dark vest) and GALCIT colleagues in the Arroyo Seco, Halloween 1936.JPL marks this experiment as its foundation. [22] [23]In hopes of gaining access to the state-of-the-art resources of Caltech for their rocketry research, Parsons and Forman attended a lecture on the work of Austrian rocket engineer Eugen Sänger and hypothetical above-stratospheric aircraft by the institute's William ...

  7. Historical race concepts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_race_concepts

    The word "race", interpreted to mean an identifiable group of people who share a common descent, was introduced into English in the 16th century from the Old French rasse (1512), from Italian razza: the Oxford English Dictionary cites the earliest example around the mid-16th century and defines its early meaning as a "group of people belonging to the same family and descended from a common ...

  8. Chiaroscuro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiaroscuro

    The use of dark subjects dramatically lit by a shaft of light from a single constricted and often unseen source, was a compositional device developed by Ugo da Carpi (c. 1455 – c. 1523), Giovanni Baglione (1566–1643), and Caravaggio (1571–1610), the last of whom was crucial in developing the style of tenebrism, where dramatic chiaroscuro ...

  9. Timeline of historic inventions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_historic...

    1656: Pendulum clock: Invented by Christiaan Huygens. It was first conceptualized in 1637 by Galileo Galilei but he was unable to create a working model. [394] 1663: Friction machine: Invented by Otto von Guericke. 1668: First functional reflecting telescope constructed by Isaac Newton. [395] 1679: Pressure-cooker: Invented by Denis Papin. [396]