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Orogeny (/ ɒ ˈ r ɒ dʒ ə n i /) is a mountain-building process that takes place at a convergent plate margin when plate motion compresses the margin. An orogenic belt or orogen develops as the compressed plate crumples and is uplifted to form one or more mountain ranges.
1.14 .96 Europe Timanide orogeny.62 .55 Europe Cadomian orogeny.66 .54 Europe Caledonian orogeny.49 .39 Europe Variscan orogeny.44 .35 Europe Uralian orogeny.32 .25 Europe Alpine orogeny.15 .25 Europe Mediterranean Ridge.15 Europe Algoman orogeny: 2.7 2.5 North America Wopmay orogeny: 2.1 1.9 North America Trans-Hudson orogeny: 1 1.8 North America
This causes the oceanic plate to buckle and usually results in a new mid-ocean ridge forming and turning the obduction into subduction. [citation needed] Orogenic belts occur where two continental plates collide and push upwards to form large mountain ranges. These are also known as collision boundaries.
An orogenic belt, orogen, or mobile belt, [a] is a zone of Earth's crust affected by orogeny. [2] An orogenic belt develops when a continental plate crumples and is uplifted to form one or more mountain ranges ; this involves a series of geological processes collectively called orogenesis .
The Alpine orogeny is caused by the continents Africa, Arabia and India and the small Cimmerian Plate colliding (from the south) with Eurasia in the north. Convergent movements between the tectonic plates (the African Plate, the Arabian Plate and the Indian Plate from the south, the Eurasian Plate and the Anatolian Sub-Plate from the north, and many smaller plates and microplates) had already ...
The Svecofennian orogeny [note 1] is a series of related orogenies that resulted in the formation of much of the continental crust in what is today Sweden and Finland along with minor parts of Russia, mainly within what is today the Republic of Karelia. The orogenies lasted from about 2000 to 1800 million years ago during the Paleoproterozoic Era.
Map of a north-south sea-parallel pattern of rock ages in western Colombia. This pattern is a result of the Andean orogeny. Tectonic blocks of continental crust that had separated from northwestern South America in the Jurassic re-joined the continent in the Late Cretaceous by colliding obliquely with it. [6]
The orogen still undergoes strong erosion (since the Eocene), isostatic movements, post-kinematic extension, and even renewed compression (in the western Pyrenees) that can cause medium-sized earthquakes (a magnitude 5,1 earthquake near Arudy in 1980 [9] avec une magnitude de 5,1, près summary])</ref> and a magnitude 5,0 earthquake in 2006 ...