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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market after approval. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents.
A hepatotoxin (Gr., hepato = liver) is a toxic chemical substance that damages the liver.. It can be a side-effect, but hepatotoxins are also found naturally, such as microcystins and pyrrolizidine alkaloids, or in laboratory environments, such as carbon tetrachloride, or far more pervasively in the form of ethanol (drinking alcohol).
Plasma perhexiline concentrations as low as 0.6mg/L> are known to cause nausea and dizziness; however, perhexiline is also known to cause hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy at plasma concentrations >0.6mg/L. [9] [10] The symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include weakness or sensory loss and pain in the arms, hand, legs, and feet.
The minimum dosage at which paracetamol causes toxicity usually is 7.5 to 10g in the average person. [2] The lethal dose is usually between 10 g and 15 g. [citation needed] Concurrent alcohol intake lowers these thresholds significantly. Chronic alcoholics may be more susceptible to adverse effects due to reduced glutathione levels. [3]
Paracetamol toxicity is one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide. [25] In the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand, paracetamol is the most common cause of drug overdoses. [20] [92] [93] Additionally, in both the United States and the United Kingdom it is the most common cause of acute liver failure. [94] [9]
Drugs and other substances that have been associated with significant hepatotoxicity (liver damage). Subcategories ...
You already know that drinking alcohol can wreak havoc on your liver. (And if you don't, well, here are more details on those dangers.) Now, a new study links a drink popular specifically for its ...
Of these, amoxicillin-clavulanate is the most common cause of drug-induced liver injury, and paracetamol toxicity the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States and Europe. [36] Herbal remedies and dietary supplements are another important cause of hepatitis; these are the most common causes of drug-induced hepatitis in Korea ...