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Shaft mining or shaft sinking is the action of excavating a mine shaft from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom. [1] Shallow shafts , typically sunk for civil engineering projects, differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects.
When wet sinking a shaft the shaft is allowed to flood and the muck is excavated out of the base of the shaft underwater using a grab on the end of a crane or similar excavation method. Because the shaft is flooded, the lining can not be constructed at the excavation level of the shaft so this method only suits methods where the lining is ...
William Coulson (1791-1865) was a mining engineer and master shaft sinker who was responsible for sinking more than 80 mine shafts in North East England along with others in Prussia and Austria. He was also notable for leading the rescue and recovery team after the Hartley Colliery disaster of 1862.
Shaft sinking was the most dangerous and most difficult form of mining in ancient Rome. Due to its high cost, it was only used to collect the most valuable metals in Roman society. This technique involved digging tunnels underground, allowing workers to extract the ore.
The well is 3.6 meters long and 1.6 meters wide and is equipped with ladders. When abandoned, the well cost 200 francs per meter dug. Sinking resumed in April 1824 and the first layer reached 18.66 meters. The shaft was stopped at a depth of 19 meters and abandoned the same year due to the poor quality of the coal and the influx of water.
A fifth shaft was sunk in the Katzenbusch. In 1911, shaft 6, which went into operation as early as 1912, was excavated 600 m southeast of shaft 3/4. During the Second World War, the extraction requirements increased so that the sinking work for a central extraction shaft (shaft 7) was started. The above-day expansion of the shaft did not take ...
Sinking (metalworking), a metalworking technique; Sinking, a 1921 novella by Yu Dafu "Sinking", a song by No Doubt from the album No Doubt (No Doubt album) "Sinking", a song by Jars of Clay from the album Jars of Clay; Sinking Creek (disambiguation), several creeks; Well drilling; Shaft sinking, the process of digging a shaft in shaft mining
On October 20, 1877, the shaft reached the hard rock layer of the transitional terrain, without having encountered the second layer of coal, which was considered a bad sign by the engineers. [4] In 1878, the sinking of the large shaft was completed. It reached a depth of 694 meters, while the small shaft reached 651 meters. [5]