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An Introduction to Software Architecture [1] describes it as such "We are still far from having a well-accepted taxonomy of such architectural paradigms, let alone a fully-developed theory of software architecture. But we can now clearly identify a number of architectural patterns, or styles, that currently form the basic repertoire of a ...
An architectural pattern is a general, reusable resolution to a commonly occurring problem in software architecture within a given context. [1] The architectural patterns address various issues in software engineering , such as computer hardware performance limitations, high availability and minimization of a business risk .
An architectural style defines: a family of systems in terms of a pattern of structural organization; a vocabulary of components and connectors, with constraints on how they can be combined. [37] Architectural styles are reusable 'packages' of design decisions and constraints that are applied to an architecture to induce chosen desirable qualities.
An architectural model (in software) is a diagram created by using available standards in which the primary aim is to illustrate a specific set of tradeoffs inherent in the structure and design of a system or ecosystem. Software architects utilize architectural models to facilitate communication and obtain peer feedback.
Often, no single optimal solution for any given set of architecture design problems exists. Architectural decision making is a core responsibility of software architects; [5] additional motivation for/of the importance of architectural decisions as a first-class concept in software architecture can be found online. [6]
An architecture description will often employ several different model kinds to effectively address a variety of audiences, the stakeholders (such as end users, system owners, software developers, system engineers, program managers) and a variety of architectural concerns (such as functionality, safety, delivery, reliability, scalability).
Illustration of the 4+1 Architectural View Model. 4+1 is a view model used for "describing the architecture of software-intensive systems, based on the use of multiple, concurrent views". [1] The views are used to describe the system from the viewpoint of different stakeholders, such as end-users, developers, system engineers, and project managers.
[1] [2] The trend towards agile methods in software engineering is noticeable, [3] however the need for improved studies on the subject is also paramount. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Also note that some of the methods listed might be newer or older or still in use or out-dated, and the research on software design methods is not new and on-going.