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  2. Adrenal medulla - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_medulla

    Rather than releasing a neurotransmitter, the cells of the adrenal medulla secrete hormones. [1] The adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines; epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Because the ANS, specifically the sympathetic division, exerts direct control over the ...

  3. Adrenal gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland

    The adrenal medulla is at the centre of each adrenal gland, and is surrounded by the adrenal cortex. The chromaffin cells of the medulla are the body's main source of the catecholamines , such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, released by the medulla.

  4. Chromaffin cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromaffin_cell

    Chromaffin cells, also called pheochromocytes (or phaeochromocytes), are neuroendocrine cells found mostly in the medulla of the adrenal glands in mammals.These cells serve a variety of functions such as serving as a response to stress, monitoring carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations in the body, maintenance of respiration and the regulation of blood pressure. [1]

  5. Sympathoadrenal system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathoadrenal_system

    Electrical impulses carried by the sympathetic nervous system are converted to a chemical response in the adrenal gland. Chromaffin cells contained in the adrenal medulla act as postganglionic nerve fibers that release this chemical response into the blood as a circulating messenger. The sympathoadrenal system can activate and discharge ...

  6. Neuroendocrine cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_cell

    An example of a neuroendocrine cell is a cell of the adrenal medulla (innermost part of the adrenal gland), which releases adrenaline to the blood. The adrenal medullary cells are controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. These cells are modified postganglionic neurons. Autonomic nerve fibers lead directly to them ...

  7. Neurohormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurohormone

    Adrenomedullary hormones are catecholamines secreted from the adrenal medulla by chromaffin cells, neurosecretory cells connected to the central nervous system. [10] The synthesis, storage (in chromaffin cells) and release of catecholamines is co-regulated by synaptic input from their respective pre-synaptic sympathetic neurons, as well as ...

  8. Endocrine system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system

    Cushing's disease and Addison's disease are pathologies involving the dysfunction of the adrenal gland. Dysfunction in the adrenal gland could be due to primary or secondary factors and can result in hypercortisolism or hypocortisolism. Cushing's disease is characterized by the hypersecretion of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) due to a ...

  9. Development of the endocrine system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_the...

    The adrenal medulla is derived from ectodermal cells. Cells that will become adrenal tissue move retroperitoneally to the upper portion of the mesonephros. At seven weeks of gestation, the adrenal cells are joined by sympathetic cells that originate from the neural crest to form the adrenal medulla. At the end of the eighth week, the adrenal ...

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