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Convictions can only be made when proof beyond a reasonable doubt is achieved. [12] If it is a matter of urgency or the contempt was done in front of a judge, that person can be punished immediately. Punishment can range from the person being imprisoned for a period of less than five years or until the person complies with the order or fine.
Witness bias may be catalyzed by any number of circumstances, ranging from the witness's blood relationship to a party to his financial stake in the outcome of the litigation. Most US jurisdictions require a cross-examiner to lay a foundation before extrinsic evidence can be used to demonstrate bias for impeachment purposes. Although Rule 610 ...
The federal witness protection program was developed because of the difficulty of prosecuting cases where witnesses would disappear shortly before trial. [8] [9] [not specific enough to verify] These programs frequently require the witness to leave his residence or even family so that he can be protected before the trial occurs.
Following the refusal of a witness to produce documents or to testify, the committee is entitled to report a resolution of contempt to its parent chamber. A committee may also cite a person for contempt but not immediately report the resolution to the floor. In the case of subcommittees, they report the resolution of contempt to the full ...
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Thus, two witnesses provide conclusive proof of reality, but one witness does not. (However, the testimony of one witness can require a defendant to swear to his innocence or else pay the debt alleged against him.) In monetary law two witnesses may absolutely require someone to pay a debt or absolve them from that obligation.
Leading questions are also permitted on cross-examination, as witnesses called by the opposing party are presumed hostile. Misstates evidence / misquotes witness / improper characterization of evidence: this objection is often overruled, but can be used to signal a problem to witness, judge and jury. [7]
The Oklahoma Corrections Department has agreed that condemned prisoners in the future can have a personal spiritual advisor in the execution chamber.