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Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin, also known as tetanus immune globulin (TIG) and tetanus antitoxin, is a medication made up of antibodies against the tetanus toxin. [1] It is used to prevent tetanus in those who have a wound that is at high risk, have not been fully vaccinated with tetanus toxoid , or have HIV/AIDS .
Tetanus vaccine, also known as tetanus toxoid (TT), is a toxoid vaccine used to prevent tetanus. [2] During childhood, five doses are recommended, with a sixth given during adolescence. [2] After three doses, almost everyone is initially immune, [2] but additional doses every ten years are recommended to maintain immunity. [3]
Multiple doses of tetanus toxoid are used by many plasma centers in the United States for the development of highly immune persons for the production of human anti-tetanus immune globulin (tetanus immune globulin (TIG), HyperTet (c) [5]), which has replaced horse serum-type tetanus antitoxin in most of the developed world.
Serum horses proved to be saviors of diphtheria-infected people. Subsequently, treatment of tetanus, rabies, and snake venom developed, and proactive protective vaccination against diphtheria and other microbial diseases began. In 1901, Behring won the first Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work in the study of diphtheria.
Immunoglobulin therapy is the use of a mixture of antibodies (normal human immunoglobulin) to treat several health conditions. [13] [14] These conditions include primary immunodeficiency, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Kawasaki disease, certain cases of HIV/AIDS and measles, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and certain other infections when a ...
This established the basis of antibody immunotherapy. With the ideology of using antibody serum to treat infectious diseases, the three scientists standardized serum production in dairy cows and merchandised serum vaccines for tetanus and diphtheria. The prevalence of serum therapy surged in the early 19th century.
Tetanus toxoid can be given in case of a suspected exposure to tetanus. In such cases, it can be given with or without tetanus immunoglobulin (also called tetanus antibodies or tetanus antitoxin [10]). It can be given as intravenous therapy or by intramuscular injection. [citation needed]
Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell [10] pertussis (DTP; now also "DTwP" to differentiate from the broader class of triple-combination vaccines) [9] vaccination was licensed in 1949. [13] Since the introduction of the combination vaccine, there has been an extensive decline in the incidence of pertussis, or whooping cough, the disease ...