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On the advice of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed proclaimed a state of national emergency on 25 June 1975. The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency across the country by citing internal and external threats to the country. [1]
Such an emergency was declared in India in the 1962 Sino- Indian War, [3] 1971 Indo- Pakistani War, [4] and 1975 internal disturbance (declared by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed). [5] But after the 44th amendment act 1978, National Emergency can only be declared on grounds of "External aggression or war", also called as External Emergency & on the ground ...
3 December The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 begins as Pakistan attacks 9 Indian airbases. The next day India launches a massive invasion of East Pakistan. Indira Gandhi declares State of emergency in India for the second time, following external aggression. [6] The Indian navy destroyer INS Rajput sinks Pakistani submarine PNS Ghazi (former USS ...
The Emergency era had been widely unpopular, and the 42nd Amendment was the most controversial issue. The clampdown on civil liberties and widespread abuse of human rights by police angered the public. The Janata Party which had promised to "restore the Constitution to the condition it was in before the Emergency", won the 1977 general elections.
The Amendment barred judicial review of proclamations of emergency whether made to meet external, internal, or financial threats (Article 360 for the latter). It also barred judicial review of overlapping emergency proclamations, or ordinances promulgated by the President or by governors, and of laws enacted during emergencies that contravened ...
Part XVIII is a compilation of provisions pertaining to the Constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of. Five of the articles in this part of the constitution consists of emergency provisions. [1]
The Emergency of 25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977 was a 21-month period when President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, upon advice by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, declared a national emergency under Article 352 of the Constitution of India, effectively bestowing on her the power to rule by decree, suspending elections and civil liberties.
26 October - Emergency enforced in India for the first time following the Sino-Indian War. [1] 21 November – China withdraws troops from Arunachal Pradesh and orders ceasefire along the McMahon Line. 19 December – The last foreign-occupied territory of India, Daman and Diu, is integrated into India.