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At high temperatures, acidic refractories may also react with limes and basic oxides. Silica refractories are refractories containing more than 93% silicon oxide (SiO 2). They are acidic, have high resistance to thermal shock, flux and slag resistance, and high spalling resistance.
Considering the refractory's rapid destruction, the economic advantage of an acidic refractory is therefore only realized if its consumption adds value to the process. [2] This situation is however rather rare and, even if this is the case, silica rich in precious metals can be made by other economically viable means.
A fire brick, firebrick, fireclay brick, or refractory brick is a block of ceramic material used in lining furnaces, kilns, fireboxes, and fireplaces. A refractory brick is built primarily to withstand high temperature, but will also usually have a low thermal conductivity for greater energy efficiency.
These opposing effects result in groups 5 through 7 exhibiting the most refractory properties. [8] Creep resistance is a key property of the refractory metals. In metals, the starting of creep correlates with the melting point of the material; the creep in aluminium alloys starts at 200 °C, while for refractory metals temperatures above 1500 ...
Ultra-high-temperature ceramics (UHTCs) are a type of refractory ceramics that can withstand extremely high temperatures without degrading, often above 2,000 °C. [1] They also often have high thermal conductivities and are highly resistant to thermal shock, meaning they can withstand sudden and extreme changes in temperature without cracking or breaking.
Asia Pacific Refractory Material Market Size and Forecast. The Asia Pacific refractory material market size reached USD 21.02 billion in 2023 and is predicted to be worth around USD 33.07 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 4.63% from 2024 to 2033. Asia-Pacific dominated the refractory material market in 2023.
Fire clay in a furnace. Fire clay is a range of refractory clays used in the manufacture of ceramics, especially fire brick.The United States Environmental Protection Agency defines fire clay very generally as a "mineral aggregate composed of hydrous silicates of aluminium (Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 ·2H 2 O) with or without free silica."
Lignosulfonates (LS) are water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte polymers: they are byproducts from the production of wood pulp using sulfite pulping. [1] Most delignification in sulfite pulping involves acidic cleavage of ether bonds, which connect many of the constituents of lignin. [2]