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The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.The concept of choosing bureaucrats by merit rather than by birth started early in Chinese history, but using written examinations as a tool of selection started in earnest during the Sui dynasty [1] (581–618), then into the Tang ...
[citation needed] This provided the Han dynasty with well-educated bureaucrats to fill civil service posts in the imperial government. The first nationwide government school system in China was established in 3 AD under Emperor Ping of Han , with the Taixue located in the capital of Chang'an and local schools established in the prefectures and ...
The history of education in China began with the birth of the Chinese civilization.Nobles often set up educational establishments for their offspring. Establishment of the imperial examinations (advocated in the Warring States period, originated in Han, founded in Tang) was instrumental in the transition from an aristocratic to a meritocratic government.
The origin of the modern meritocratic civil service can be traced back to imperial examination founded in Imperial China. [3] The imperial exam based on merit was designed to select the best administrative officials for the state's bureaucracy. [4]
The civil service examination system was first officially established in the Sui dynasty. [3] During the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties, juren was used to refer to candidates of the state examination. [5] During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the civil examination system matured and became well-established. [2]
The strong relationship between Imperial Examination and the official position were still present, though the entire society formed a climate of "studying well so as to become an official" 学而优则仕. [17] In 1905, the Qing government abolished the imperial examination system, leading to the gradual disappearance of scholar-officials.
Included in the expanded examination system was a military exam that tested physical ability, but the military exam never had a significant impact on the Chinese officer corps and military degrees were seen as inferior to their civil counterpart. The exact nature of Wu's influence on the examination system is still a matter of scholarly debate.
Civil service examinations are examinations implemented in various countries for recruitment and admission to the civil service. They are intended as a method to achieve an effective, rational public administration on a merit system for recruiting prospective politicians and public sector employees.