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The National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (Indonesian: Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional, LAPAN) was the Indonesian government's space agency.It was established on 27 November 1963, by former Indonesian president Sukarno, after one year's existence of a previous, informal space agency organization.
Indonesian Space Agency or INASA is the Indonesian space agency engaged in activities related to outer space and space exploration policy. INASA differs compared to Research Organization for Aeronautics and Space (Indonesian: Organisasi Riset Penerbangan dan Antariksa, ORPA), because INASA does not perform space research activities, but is more a coordinative agency and is designed as a space ...
This is a timeline of space exploration which includes notable achievements, first accomplishments and milestones in humanity's exploration of outer space.. This timeline generally does not distinguish achievements by a specific country or private company, as it considers humanity as a whole.
Founded on 1 September 2021 as ORPA (Organisasi Riset Penerbangan dan Antariksa), ORPA was transformation of LAPAN after the liquidation of LAPAN into BRIN.As research organization of BRIN, as outlined in Article 175 and Article 176 of Chief of BRIN Decree No. 1/2021, every Research Organizations under BRIN are responsible and answered to Chief of BRIN.
Space technology is technology for use in outer space. Space technology includes space vehicles such as spacecraft , satellites , space stations and orbital launch vehicles ; deep-space communication ; in-space propulsion ; and a wide variety of other technologies including support infrastructure equipment, and procedures .
The principle of ion propulsion was first presented in 1929 by the space pioneer Hermann Oberth in his work Ways to Spaceflight, [13] which is referred to as the "Bible of Space Technology", [19]: 117 in which he describes for the first time the physics, the function, the construction and the use for the interplanetary flight of an ion engine ...
This is a timeline of Solar System exploration ordering events in the exploration of the Solar System by date of spacecraft launch. It includes: It includes: All spacecraft that have left Earth orbit for the purposes of Solar System exploration (or were launched with that intention but failed), including lunar probes .
The NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (abbrv. ESAM ) was established by NASA on September 15, 1961, when the original ESM was divided into three separate awards. Under its guidelines, the ESAM is awarded for unusually significant scientific contribution toward achievement of aeronautical or space exploration goals.