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A spasm of accommodation (also known as a ciliary spasm, an accommodation, or accommodative spasm) is a condition in which the ciliary muscle of the eye remains in a constant state of contraction. Normal accommodation allows the eye to "accommodate" for near-vision. However, in a state of perpetual contraction, the ciliary muscle cannot relax ...
Iridodialyses are usually caused by blunt trauma to the eye, [2] but may also be caused by penetrating eye injuries. [7] An iridodialysis may be an iatrogenic complication of any intraocular surgery [10] [11] [12] and at one time they were created intentionally as part of intracapsular cataract extraction. [13]
Cyclodestruction reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) of the eye by decreasing production of aqueous humor by the destruction of ciliary body. Until the development of safer and less destructive techniques like micropulse diode cyclophotocoagulation and endocyclophotocoagulation, cyclodestructive surgeries were mainly done in refractory glaucoma ...
Changes in contraction of the ciliary muscles alter the focal distance of the eye, causing nearer or farther images to come into focus on the retina; this process is known as accommodation. [1] The reflex, controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system , involves three responses: pupil constriction, lens accommodation, and convergence.
The oculocardiac reflex, also known as Aschner phenomenon, Aschner reflex, or Aschner–Dagnini reflex, is a decrease in pulse rate associated with traction applied to extraocular muscles and/or compression of the eyeball. [1]
The young human eye can change focus from distance (infinity) to as near as 6.5 cm from the eye. [32] [33] This dramatic change in focal power of the eye of approximately 15 dioptres (the reciprocal of focal length in metres) occurs as a consequence of a reduction in zonular tension induced by ciliary muscle contraction.
The ciliary muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the eye formed as a ring of smooth muscle [3] [4] in the eye's middle layer, the uvea (vascular layer). It controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal .
When the posterior capsule is damaged, the IOL may be inserted into the ciliary sulcus, [18] or a glued intraocular lens technique may be applied. [19] It is economical to use a rigid IOL if the incision size is already over 6 mm wide, but foldable IOLs can also be used if cost is not a limiting factor or incision size is <5 mm. [ 4 ]